optical mapping heart

As a vertebrate cardiovascular model, the zebra sh heart has been used In the GP hearts treated with HCQ&AZM, the QT was prolonged at a physiological heart rate of 250 ms. T1 - Optical mapping of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ in the intact heart. The use of optical mapping as a physiological readout to elucidate the mechanisms of induction, patterning, and differentiation of the cardiac conduction system are likely to provide clues to developmental origins of arrhythmias. These methods have become an increasingly common research tools in basic cardiac electrophysiology. Pacemaker cells produce electrical signals that spread across the heart in a coordinated wave. Thank you for submitting your article "Cell-accurate optical mapping across the entire developing heart" for consideration by eLife. This is the first and only book to date that comprehensively, in a single volume, covers all aspects of the technique and application of optical mapping in the heart. Hospital personnel will apply the CardioInsight™ Mapping Vest to your chest. Optical mapping is currently the leading technique for investigating the mechanisms behind arrhythmias. Illuminate the electrical activity of the heart. Written by leading international experts in the discipline, the book contains the basic principles of optical mapping, including: voltage-sensitive fluorescence, optics, imaging . AU - Myles, Rachel C. AU - De Jesus, Nicole M. AU - Ohlendorf, Alex K P. AU - Bers, Donald M. AU - Ripplinger, Crystal M. PY - 2014/4/25. Multiple methods are used to process and analyze cardiac optical mapping data, and no consensus currently exists regarding the optimum methods. The basis for these techniques is the use of voltage-sensitive dyes that bind to or interact with cell membranes. The assembly of the optical mapping system and the apparatus to keep the appropriate environment for the rat heart slices Proc. Electrical activity in the pig heart immobilized by the frame in situ and recorded by optical mapping using di-4-ANBDQBS under physiological blood circulation. A total solution for electrical mapping, from cell to langendorff heart. This results in the ventricles being activated from the apex . By Christian Bollensdorff. Arrow indicates the bar. Until recently, the assembly and implementation of simultaneous dual mapping of two fluorescent probes has been technically challenging. The basis for these techniques is the use of voltage-sensitive dyes that bind to or interact with cell membranes. You will get a CT scan of your upper body while wearing the vest. This technique is based on perfusing ex vivo whole heart or a slice of cardiac tissue with . T2 - Ryanodine receptor refractoriness during alternans and fibrillation. 1. adshelp[at]cfa.harvard.edu The ADS is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory under NASA Cooperative Agreement NNX16AC86A An Undergraduate research position will be available for a highly motivated young scientist to directly study heart rate disorders in human hearts by using optical, molecular, and structural 3D mapping techniques. (b) Genetically encoded fluorescent Following activation of the atria, the activation wave is slowed down in the atrioventricular canal or node, after which it spreads rapidly into the left and right ventricles via the His-Purkinje system (HPS). Optical mapping techniques use imaging devices such as a photodiode array or a charge-coupled device video camera with the heart being illuminated and either continuously or spatially scanned. To this aim, we present a single-camera imaging and multiple light-emitting-diode illumination system that reduces economic and technical implementation hurdles to cardiac optical mapping. optical mapping of the heart with a single camera Rafael Jaimes III1,2, Damon McCullough1, Bryan Siegel2, Luther Swift1,2, James Hiebert1, Daniel McInerney1 and Nikki Gillum Posnack1,2,3* Abstract Background: Optical mapping of transmembrane voltage and intracellular calcium is a powerful tool for investigating cardiac physiology and . Optogenetic control of the heart is an emergent technology that offers unparalleled spatio-temporal control of cardiac dynamics via light-sensitive ion pumps and channels (opsins). Cardiovascular physiological phenotyping of the mouse heart can be easily done using . Our method opens the way to systematic, scale-bridging, in vivo studies of vertebrate organogenesis by cell-accurate structure-function mapping . This fast-evolving technique holds broad scope in both clinical and basic research setting. In conclusion, optical mapping is a useful technique for studying activation patterns in the developing heart. title = "Quantifying arrhythmic long QT effects of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin with whole-heart optical mapping and simulations", abstract = "Background: In March 2020, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) alone or combined with azithromycin (AZM) was authorized as a treatment for COVID-19 in many countries. Optical mapping of transmembrane voltage and intracellular calcium is a powerful tool for investigating cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. Yet, the use of optical mapping in vivo has only A: 80x80 pixel image of embryonic day 12.5 rat heart. However, processing of vast amount of OM data also poses challenges on fast and accurate processing, measurement and interpretation. Results. Pregnancy. Abstract The mouse heart is a popular model for cardiovascular studies due to the existence of low cost technology for genetic engineering in this species. Combined with a red-shifted calcium dye and a new near-infrared voltage-sensitive dye, both suitable for use in blood-perfused tissue, we demonstrate the . We introduce a novel, easy-to-use approach that requires a path splitter, single camera and excitation light to simultaneously acquire voltage and . Without the drug (normal) the electrical activation spreads homogeneously, while with hydroxychloroquine, waves propagate unevenly, generating complex spatiotemporal patterns and . 2. ( b) Heart with inserted cannulas. As a vertebrate cardiovascular model, the zebra sh heart has been used Until recently, the assembly and implementation of simultaneous dual mapping of two fluorescent probes has been technically challenging. . V m mapping has also been used to delineate normal, peri-infarct, and scarred tissue rapidly in the in vitro setting [7]. This measuring technique offers a high spatial and sufficient temporal resolution but it is sensitive towards myocardial motion. However, simultaneous dual mapping of two fluorescent probes remains technically challenging. Optical mapping of cardiac electrophysiology combines high spatiotemporal resolution of anatomy and physiological function with fast and simultaneous data acquisition. Under these various modifications of the AP, the time points of (d2F/dt2)max fell at 97.0 +/- 2.1% of recovery to baseline. h876 optical mapping of langendorff-perfused human hearts AJP-Heart Circ Physiol • VOL 293 • JULY 2007 • www.ajpheart.org was paced at 600 ms, varied between 205 20 and 264 50 doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00404.2012.—Optical mapping has become an increasingly important tool to study cardiac electrophysiology in the past 20 years. Optical mapping of the cardiac surface with voltage-sensitive fluorescent dyes has become an important tool to investigate electrical excitation in experimental models that range in scale from cell cultures to whole-organs [1, 2].Using state-of-the-art optical imaging systems, generation and propagation of action potentials during normal cardiac rhythm or throughout initiation and maintenance . Results. ( a) Whole optical mapping setup adapted for registration of the cardiac electrical activity of the pig heart in situ during open-heart surgery. Temperature Controlling Detail Heart/Tissue Perfusion Detail LED Controller Detail Stimulator Detail Electrical Mapping Application View Optical Mapping Application AF is also inducible in SHR and is associated with atrial structural remodelling [5,6]. 1996 Jul; 79(1):115-27. Optical mapping involves the use of voltage-sensitive dyes that track changes in the potential difference across the cell membrane of the cardiac myocytes and can be used in conjunction with fluorescent-microscopy to image the spread of electrical waves throughout the heart. The student will be expected to be organized and committed to this research to conduct experiments; collect, analyze and interpret . ( c) Hand-made frame for heart immobilization. View in: PubMed. The speciﬁc methods Pulmonary Disease. Optical mapping during VT revealed a functional reentrant circuit consisting of four components: (1) a protected isthmus located between the infarction area and the functional line of block; (2) an entrance site located at one end of the isthmus; (3) an exit site located at the other end of the isthmus; and (4) an outer loop consisting of nonischemic normal tissue, connecting the exit . 1.1 Background. Optical mapping techniques use imaging devices such as a photodiode array or a charge-coupled device video camera with the heart being illuminated and either continuously or spatially scanned. Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) show tremendous promise for cardiac regeneration, but the successful development of hESC-CM-based therapies requires improved tools to investigate their electrical behavior in recipient hearts. Cardiac Tissue Slices: Preparation, Handling, and Successful Optical Mapping. In optical mapping, cardiac tissue is stained with one (or more) dye which are excited via a light source and whose emission spectra (spectrum) are changed due to changes in the underlying variable, and subsequently recorded as emitted fluorescence as shown in Fig. While optical voltage mapping is a powerful technique for studying myocardial electrical activity ex vivo, we have previously shown that intra . Detection and tracking of the spiral core are essential for understanding the spiral wave dynamics. 1 Optical Mapping Laboratory, Arrhythmia Unit, Cardiovascular Institute, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del . . Watch the animation below to see how the CardioInsight vest is applied. The zebrafish is an appealing vertebrate model system with a simple, yet functionally conserved heart. Early optical mapping studies in the zebrafish paralleled those in other systems, with the major challenges of phototoxicity and motion artifact [13, 66]. Perfusion of positive IgG (800-1,200 μg/ml) resulted in sinus bradycardia and varying degrees of heart block. HCQ and AZM in whole-heart optical-mapping imaging and computer simulations. Optical APs were recorded to simultaneously image activation patterns from the RA and RV. Furthermore, using optical mapping technique, we linked the QT interval prolongation not only to an increase in the APD at the cellular level but also to spatial dispersion of AP repolarization. We introduce a novel, easy-to-use platform that requires only a single camera and single excitation . Therefore, SHR provides an appropriate animal model for investigating atrial arrhythmogenicity. Workers explored several mechanical and pharmacological methods to decrease the distortion caused by cardiac contraction. The vest is used with the CardioInsight™ Workstation to record your heart's electrical activity. Pericardial Disease. of SPIE Vol. Hearts were rotated on the cannula to enable optical mapping of the RV and LV epicar dial surfaces of the heart. Optical mapping is a well established technique for recording monophasic action potential traces either within myocardial slices or on the epicardial surface of isolated hearts. pertensive heart disease[4]. Service excellence, quality standards, a compassionate and caring staff are the foundation to achieving The Optimal Patient Experience. subject areas. Using the isolated Langendorff-perfused mammalian heart, optical mapping of these two key parameters has played a pivotal role in arrhythmia research [5,6]. Fig. Two fast CCD cameras were used to record electrical activity from the RV and LV during control . We introduce a novel, easy-to-use platform that requires only a single camera and single excitation . If applied to the clinical setting, this could improve both diagnostic potential and therapeutic efficacy of clinical arrhythmia interventions. Optical mapping (OM) techniques provide an effective approach to observe cardiac functionality by recording zebrafish heart action potential propagation. We routinely use voltage-sensitive fluorescent dyes Cardiac optical mapping is a fluorescent imaging method to study electrical behaviour and calcium handling in the heart. Optical Mapping of Electrical Activity. ( d) Octopus tissue stabilizer used for heart immobilization. Your article has been reviewed by 1 peer . Background: Optical mapping of transmembrane voltage and intracellular calcium is a powerful tool for investigating cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. This chapter briefly describes the methodology for dual optical mapping of transmembrane potential (V m) and free intra-SR [CA 2+] ([CA 2+] SR) in the Langendorff-perfused rabbit heart as well as reports on novel physiological and pathophysiological insights that have been gained using this . The therapy proved ineffective with long . Extrastimulus techniques applied to (1) isolated myocytes, (2) intact hearts, and (3) mathematical simulations indicated that (d2V/dt2)max coincided with the effective RPs of APs. Light sheet microscopy has proven to be supremely suited for obtaining in vivo recordings of the intact embryonic zebrafish heart (Chi et al., 2008; Scherz et al., 2008; Arnaout et al., 2007; Trivedi et al., 2015).Whole cardiac cycles have been reconstructed in 4D (3D + time) using . Background Optical mapping of transmembrane voltage and intracellular calcium is a powerful tool for investigating cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. Optical mapping was then performed on each slice, allowing for complete characterization of APs and CaTs throughout the entire heart with a high degree of regional precision, since the apico-basal location of each slice is known, and every slice is fully transmural. Our objectives were (1) to quantify, using optical mapping, the arrhythmogenic effects of HCQ and AZM on the action potential duration (APD) prolongation observed as QT interval prolongation on electrocardiograms (ECGs), spatial dispersion of APD Optical mapping is a powerful tool for recording activa-tion spread and modern cameras enable the acquisition of Role of tissue discontinuities. Zebra sh is one of the most successful biological models [40] for studying human physiol-ogy and diseases. However, simultaneous dual mapping of two fluorescent probes remains technically challenging. 1.1.1 Zebra sh heart. (a) Transmitted light microscopy image with ~250 mm-sized, two-chambered heart (shown as fluorescence image with light sheet illumination path). Processing, measurement and interpretation light sheet illumination path ) sliced bread explored mechanical. Animation below to see how the CardioInsight vest is applied 10 µmol/L ) was added to the Tyrode solution! 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