Thirty years have now passed since the stern, bearded visage of Ayatollah Khomeini graced our television screens decrying the many "ills" of the West and its allies. It was a revolution few, if any, at the time had anticipated, one participants and observers alike still endeavor to properly understand.
Khomeini's image, which has since become a kind of shorthand for the West's first encounter with the forces of radical Islam, continues to arouse fear and hostility. But 30 years on, that turbulent time in Iranian history continues to leave Western audiences perplexed, with little comprehension of the forces that incited crowds to chant "Death to America."
In this haze of images, which for the most part dwelled upon the imminent threat to Western interests presented by "black-turbaned reactionaries," Iran's 100-year struggle for political independence against colonial dictatorship was more often than not elided in a frenzy of sensationalism and hysteria. Incidents such as the 1953 MI6-CIA-orchestrated coup d'etat, which ousted Iran's democratically elected prime minister, Mohammad Mossadegh, and their importance in Iran's meandering path toward revolution were simply cast aside. Sadly, the tableau commonly offered up for consumption (even to this day) is that of a mob of "fanatical zealots" stirred up and manipulated by a bunch of "mad mullahs." No nuance, no context.
Today, with the benefit of hindsight, the world-historic proportions of the Iranian revolution of 1979 are becoming clear. Not only did this event initiate the end of the 50-year-old, American-backed Pahlavi dynasty, but it also brought to a cathartic climax the dissolution of 2,500 years of Persian monarchy and the arrival of the first theocratic republic in modern history.
Since those early days of the revolution and the ascendance of the clergy to the seat of power, Iran has undergone eight years of brutal war with Saddam Hussein's Iraq, which resulted in 1,000,000 casualties, the American hostage crisis, revolutionary purges, the Cultural Revolution, the infamous Rushdie fatwa, sanctions, and international isolation.
On the other hand, the last 20 years have also witnessed the rapid expansion of civil society, the growth of local government, and the participation of women en masse in Iranian society. Today women outnumber their male counterparts in institutes of higher learning. Moreover, 70 percent of Iran's population is under the age of 30, and with every passing day the young demand more from their leaders.
Back in 1997, the future looked bright under the unassuming and kindly reformist President Seyyed Mohammad Khatami, who was riding on a crest of popular support (70 percent of the popular vote to be exact). Khatami, in stark contrast to his predecessors, chose to stress the rule of law and transparent elections. Iran was entering a new era, in which a language of accountability was increasingly injected into mainstream discourse, with a courageous and indomitable press its foremost champion.
Despite Khatami's endeavors to foster dialogue between East and West, the Bush administration dubbed Iran a member of the "axis of evil." This event was not only a major setback to the Khatami government in its dealings with the international community, but it also played right into the hands of Iran's hard-liners, who have long tried to forestall the realization of an Iranian détente with the West.
Furthermore, and in spite of his best efforts, Khatami often found himself being undercut through official and unofficial channels and harassed by the powerful, conservative forces who man the unelected Guardian Council and judiciary. Nevertheless, Khatami's legacy is still vehemently contested, and there is little doubt that nostalgia is strong for the days of reform, with calls abounding for his entry in the presidential race set to take place this June.
Most analysts agree that many of the popular initiatives first embarked upon by Khatami have since been hampered and "reined in" by the election of radical populist Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, who seems to have reawakened the West's collective memory of the Islamic revolution and its more reactionary tendencies. At the domestic level, the former mayor of Tehran is increasingly resented for his mismanagement of the economy. His many sins in this regard include the squandering of an unparalleled oil revenue surplus and climbing inflation, the likes of which Iran has not seen in years.
While the UK reinstated relations with Iran some years ago, a U.S.-Iranian rapprochement remains elusive. Yet even under President Bush, the U.S. had been negotiating with Iran over the security situation inside Iraq and Afghanistan to great effect, and it was also on the sidelines of Iran's nuclear-program negotiations with the European Union.
The question of whether there will be a substantive shift under the Obama administration has evoked both positive and pessimistic responses. His appointment of Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, who openly stated that if Iran were to attack Israel the U.S. would "totally obliterate" the Islamic Republic, has not been a particularly encouraging sign. Her statement upon Senate confirmation also offered absolutely nothing that significantly deviates from the course of Iran-U.S. relations pursued under the Bush administration. Nor has the rumor that Dennis Ross, a key ally of the hawkish Washington Institute for Near East Policy, may be given the so-called "Iran portfolio" quelled analysts' growing pessimism. A recent op-ed by Ross in Newsweek merely emphasizes the fact that he differs little, if at all, from the Bush administration in terms of his bellicosity toward Iran.
President Obama has promised much, and there still remains doubt as to whether he will be able to deliver. After initially pledging unconditional talks with the Iranian leadership, Obama's stance on Iran has become more restrained, much closer to the status quo bestowed by his predecessor. Reports state that he has been advised to bide his time until Iran's June presidential election, after which a new figure may come to the fore "with whom America can deal." "Change," it seems, will have to wait a while longer till it reaches Iranian shores.
Sadegh Kabeer is an Iranian student and antiwar activist.First published on Antiwar.com
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True Iranians
by Dariush (not verified) on Sun Feb 08, 2009 09:08 PM PSTI see many newcomers to this site and many old timers leaving this site. To those newcomers I say, before you make a judgment read the past articles written by the writer.
The fact is, just as bush misused the words democracy, freedom, terrorist and etc to destroy countries and kill millions. Fred, Zion and others use the wrong doings of IRI to bring war and destruction on Iran and Iranians. we all want a better Iran for Iranians, but they want a better Iran for Israel and U.S.A. If this Iran with all her faults was a friend of Israel and the west, it wouldn't have mattered what IRI does in Iran.
What if IRI was replaced with a 100% democratic government and still be against the inhumane actions of Israel,USA and England? Do you think Fred and his kind would be satisfied? I bet not. Because their goal is one world order ruled by Zionists and slavery for the rest. You see how they are suffocating the democratic majority in Palestine and what they have done in the rest of the world. That is what you get once they are in control. We are against injustice, wanted to be Israel, U.S.A , IRI or whoever else!!!
Thank you Dariush. I
by sadegh on Sun Feb 08, 2009 11:03 AM PSTThank you Dariush. I appreciate your kind words. They mean a lot. People such as yourself should maintain a presence here so that the discussion isn't monopolized and drowned out by those who prostitute themselves and their country to foreign powers.
Ba Arezu-ye Movafaghiat, Sadegh
Dear Sadegh
by Dariush (not verified) on Sat Feb 07, 2009 11:23 PM PSTI hope you are doing very well.
I haven't been checking this site for months. Since I have been very busy and the site was turning to a porn site.
we are all familiar with your writings. I have found you to be an Iranian nationalist not an IRI or west supporter. On the other hand, we are also familiar with Zionists like Fred who claim to be Iranian, but the only wish they have for Iran is to bomb her. So don't let them get to you. I love reading your articles. I wish you well. Eradatmand, Dariush
Momentum
by Who Funded Khomeini? (not verified) on Wed Feb 04, 2009 12:27 PM PSTCould be sooner, within the next two decades as the global economy picks up again, this time the U.S. will have nothing to do with it, people will become sick and tired of the lack of economic progress, and blaming it on some outside influence will not be convincing, they are right to be suspicious of globalization, and I believe Khamenei is a true patriot, however after him people will no longer require a symbol of the horrible Khomeini-Saddam-U.S. Puppet War Game Contra genocide of innocent people for profit...the only reason people prefer the mullahs is the memory of that war and the people who dragged us into that horror show.
To: Who funded Khomeini?
by ontour (not verified) on Wed Feb 04, 2009 10:03 AM PSTThey will be replaced by 2030.
How do you know it won't be earlier?
You're right, and I was
by sadegh on Wed Feb 04, 2009 04:43 AM PSTYou're right, and I was wrong. Fred just really repulses me. No excuse. I should conduct myself better.
Ba Arezu-ye Movafaghiat, Sadegh
Why the IRI will not last...
by Who Funded Khomeini? (not verified) on Wed Feb 04, 2009 12:36 AM PSTBecause they were too focused on Islamicizing the country, which isn't necessarily bad, it just shows an inability to formulate coherent long-term strategies...they have tried equating their interpretation of a major world religion as the only acceptable path, ironically Khomeini was funded by the Illuminati, the very group they claim to be fighting, yes, the U.S. has satanic groups leading the country, but they were also the ones who gave us these incompetent, corrupt, misguided leaders...God bless the Iranian people, they have been manipulated by the worst kinds of evil 'magi'cians known to history. They will be replaced by 2030.
What is the matter Mr. Sadegh?
by Alireza Moalemi (not verified) on Tue Feb 03, 2009 10:33 PM PSTYou can't take the heat so you call other hamvatans traitors and Khaen?
What kind of intellectual are you Mr. Sadegh?
Is this what you have to resort to when someone clearly gets on your nerves?
"Now run back to your masters you god damn vatan foroush stooge!?
The only "Khaen" " god damn vatan foroush" people I now are the ones making excuses for this dirty IRI regime? These are the people who try to rationalize the evil that is the IRI by blaming estesmari, zionism, imperialism, capitalism, orientalism and the rest of the garbage which you are fully aware off but do not want to admit to.
Look within
by Fred on Tue Feb 03, 2009 03:30 PM PSTThe very second the Islamists/Anti-Semites and their likeminded lefty allies open their eyes and unequivocally “repudiate” the Islamist republic, including all its murderous officials, your “kindly Khatami” included- is the moment that they would realize war is most wished and facilitated by themselves.
People who have their noses in everyone else’s business except helping to emancipate their own people, the ones with rivers of tears for only those that the Islmaist republic points them to, are all culpable in the crimes of the Islamist republic.
The longer this beast is kept alive by the triumvirate of nastiest ideologues, the stronger the possibility of cataclysmic military attack. No confused one, if you want to see a warmonger, look within.
Fred learn how to spell and
by sadegh on Tue Feb 03, 2009 02:39 PM PSTFred learn how to spell and write a sentence. Thanks. And I still haven't heard a repudiation of an attack on Iran.
Dear all, please note that Fred is a self-loathing imbecile who is totally indifferent to the death and destruction of our compatriots!!! Is that not the very definition of "khaen"?! You make me sick...
Ba Arezu-ye Movafaghiat, Sadegh
Creativity
by Fred on Tue Feb 03, 2009 01:58 PM PSTAgain, the Islamists/Anti-Semites and their likeminded lefty allies are the least qualified in the world to scold anyone for any behavior. And that little overused nugget about wanting to bring war ain't cutting it anymore; a little creativity is long overdue.
Creativity
by Fred on Tue Feb 03, 2009 01:58 PM PSTAgain, the Islamists/Anti-Semites and their likeminded lefty allies are the least qualified in the world to scold anyone for any behavior. And that little overused nugget about wanting to bring war ain't cutting it anymore; a little creativity is ling overdue.
Blah, blah, blah Fred,
by sadegh on Tue Feb 03, 2009 01:43 PM PSTBlah, blah, blah Fred, you're a self-loathing coward, who wants to bring the American war machine upon normal Iranians - you're a total disgrace! Now run back to your masters you god damn vatan foroush stooge!
Ba Arezu-ye Movafaghiat, Sadegh
The least qualified
by Fred on Tue Feb 03, 2009 01:28 PM PSTYour language is truly becoming of you. Only one thing, the Islamists/Anti-Semites and their likeminded lefty allies are the least qualified in the world to scold anyone for any behavior.
Sadegh
by Mehrban (not verified) on Tue Feb 03, 2009 01:08 PM PSTI am referring to the picture accompanying Ismail Noriala's article on the first page of Iranian.com right now.
The title of the article is REVOLUTION (Khorooge bi hazineh as bon bast) The article is in Farsi. I am just referring you to the picture and not to the content of the article.
It's actually a picture of
by sadegh on Tue Feb 03, 2009 12:13 PM PSTIt's actually a picture of Nader Shah genius, who is actually notorious for his anti-clerical and anti-Shi'ite leanings; please read a little history before making your silly observations!
As for Fred, what can I say? You read it...shows where you are in the pecking order buddy, and the kind of individual you are to punish candor with a kick in the teeth. You're also a liar - I have refrained from criticizing the Islamic Republic, or defended Mugabe, Castro and many others on your list. You are a liar and a coward. Though I have defended Chavez, with good reason, funny how you couldn't come up with a single counter-argument, just a stupid rant of trite banalities - you're just a self-loathing vatanforoush! Why else would you call yourself Fred?!! A complete disgrace...
Finally, as an Iranian who lives predominantly inside Iran, and who doesn't spend his time selling his behind and prostituting himself to foreigners (foremost the US and Israel in your case) for a spare buck (or even worse, for free), then I can only say that yes, my loyalty is first and foremost to my COUNTRY not imperialist scum.
YOU want to see the Iranian people bombed and incinerated in phosphorous and hails of gun fire - and you have repeatedly refused to repudiate an attack on "your" country, though I in fact doubt you have any link to Iran whatsoever. You're a joke who makes pathetic little comments all day long and around the clock on Iranian.com. Grow some balls and have the courage of your convictions and stop being such a coward. Pathetic...
Sadegh
It's actually a picture of
by sadegh on Tue Feb 03, 2009 12:12 PM PSTIt's actually a picture of Nader Shah genius, who is actually notorious for his anti-clerical and anti-Shi'ite leanings; please read a little history before making you're silly observations!
As for Fred, what can I say? You read it...shows where you are in the pecking order buddy, and the kind of individual you are to punish candor with a kick in the teeth. You're also a liar - I have refrained from criticizing the Islamic Republic, or defended Mugabe, Castro and many others on your list. You are a liar and a coward. Though I have defended Chavez, with good reason, funny how you couldn't come up with a single counter-argument, just a stupid rant of trite banalities - you're just a self-loathing vatanforoush! Why else would you call yourself Fred?!! A complete disgrace...
Finally, as an Iranian who lives predominantly inside Iran, and who doesn't spend his time selling his behind and prostituting himself to foreigners (foremost the US and Israel in your case) for a spare buck (or even worse, for free), then I can only say that yes, my loyalty is first and foremost to my COUNTRY not imperialist scum.
YOU want to see the Iranian people bombed and incinerated in phosphorous and hails of gun fire - and you have repeatedly refused to repudiate an attack on "your" country, though I in fact doubt you have any link to Iran whatsoever. You're a joke who makes pathetic little comments all day long and around the clock on Iranian.com. Grow some balls and have the courage of your convictions and stop being such a coward. Pathetic...
Sadegh
Sadegh jon: I don't know why
by sickofiri (not verified) on Tue Feb 03, 2009 09:38 AM PSTSadegh jon: I don't know why you're so angry. I'm sure nothing Fred or I have said or will say is worth getting so worked up about.
Life is too short my friend.
Sadegh
by Mehrban (not verified) on Tue Feb 03, 2009 08:21 AM PSTPlease take a look at the picture for the fourth or fifth article on this blog. It is a picture of a row of Iranian clergy. Kameneii is flanked to the right by Rafsanjani and to the left by Khatami. What does that tell you?
I also want a peaceful and reasonable way out of this cunnundrum but I do not want to be blind sided by clever tactics that have not born fruit in the past.
Halley's Comet
by Fred on Tue Feb 03, 2009 05:09 AM PSTLets take a looksy,
“On another note it's very easy to be critical of the situation in Iran, as it's generally very easy to be critical period. It's much harder to look for the occasional ray of hope or potentially positive development. Only that way will we find a way out of many of the impasses Iran presently faces, NOT by obnoxious rants and banal and impressionistic pseudo-insights. I'm not claiming to provide any of that in this rather silly article I have written here. It's a more general point and one that individuals motivated by their own petty malices and hatreds will never understand.”
It take an extraordinary nerve for someone who habitually cuts and pastes clichés critical of the U.S. and its allies, and can’t sing enough praises of the murderers and charlatans like Chavez, Mugabe, Castro, Khatami and alike to make such statement. For every dozens upon dozens of damning denunciation of the West, he has not written one against the Islamists and their crimes. And on those Halley’s Comet rare occasions that he cobbles something together about the Islamist republic “It’s much harder to look for the occasional ray of hope or potentially positive development.” Which translates into phony irrelevant fluff which he himself admits is nothing but “rather silly article I have written here.”
On another note it's very
by sadegh on Tue Feb 03, 2009 03:39 AM PSTOn another note it's very easy to be critical of the situation in Iran, as it's generally very easy to be critical period. It's much harder to look for the occasional ray of hope or potentially positive development. Only that way will we find a way out of many of the impasses Iran presently faces, NOT by obnoxious rants and banal and impressionistic pseudo-insights.
I'm not claiming to provide any of that in this rather silly article I have written here. It's a more general point and one that individuals motivated by their own petty malices and hatreds will never understand.
Ba Arezu-ye Movafaghiat, Sadegh
Obviously you haven't read
by sadegh on Tue Feb 03, 2009 03:35 AM PSTObviously you haven't read much of Fred, or are equally extremist and hateful.
I don't have anything against Fred, I was merely emphasizing the garbled ad hominems and insults one couldn't possibly mix up with a cogent argument, but I guess you couldn't care less since you already have an agenda and he just provides grist to your mill.
Ba Arezu-ye Movafaghiat, Sadegh
sadegh: I can assure you I'm
by sickofiri (not verified) on Mon Feb 02, 2009 09:47 PM PSTsadegh: I can assure you I'm not Fred. Your anomisity toward Fred is unbecoming.
The work is scholarly with the exception of couple of them from Iran. So far, it is the most unbiased report I have have ever read. You should follow their example...
Thanks Anonymous Observer.
by sadegh on Mon Feb 02, 2009 06:47 PM PSTThanks Anonymous Observer. Very much appreciated. I don't think one needs to necessarily agree with others in order to conduct a debate on the basis of mutual respect. I've had numerous discussions with you on this forum and I know you are a practioner of such an ethic unlike many others here, and for that you're to be commended.
Sickofiri, I've already read the report, I was actually sent it by a number of people featured. I know half the academics on it. I don't think it vindicates much if anything extremists like Fred claim. Some essays, such as that by Alamdari are very critical, but well argued. Not the bilious nonsense spewed by Fred and his numerous other multiple personalities of which you may well be one. The essays by Zibakalam and a few others are a little weaker. Farhi, Axeworthy, Katouzian, Ansari, Keshavarzian (excellent),Saeidi, Kurzman, Tajbakhsh, Ramazani, Bahiriyeh (very good), Ehteshami and Barzegar are all worth reading. Though the compilation only provides a brief snapshot of various developments in Iran over the last 30 years they've done a great job, and the work of such academics couldn't be further from the nonsense which often passes for the comment section here on Iranian.com.
Ba Arezu-ye Movafaghiat, Sadegh
Dear Sadegh: From a
by sickofiri (not verified) on Mon Feb 02, 2009 03:34 PM PSTDear Sadegh: From a reformers Mouth:
//www.iran-emrooz.net/index.php?/politic/more...
Did you have a chance to read the report I posted earlier?
//www.mideasti.org/files/Iran_Final.pdf
Sadegh Jaan
by Anonymous Observer on Mon Feb 02, 2009 02:53 PM PSTAs always, enjoyed reading your piece. Although I have to agree with some of the comments below in that I do not see much hope in the reform movement. While I am short on time and can't elaborate now, I personally think that the IRI has put in a very effective system of "checks and balances" to resist any substantial change.
Keep on writing though, my friend. I like your writing style, even if I sometimes disagree with the content!
Fred and his many
by sadegh on Mon Feb 02, 2009 02:36 PM PSTFred and his many personalities,
Thanks for the input, and I have to say you certainly have got me when you allege a "platitude-ridden write up"! But then again I did write it in about half an hour and you still read it, so...From your ever reliable "Islamist-lefty ally"!
Ba Arezu-ye Movafaghiat, Sadegh
Mehrban
by Anonymousesss (not verified) on Mon Feb 02, 2009 02:33 PM PSTExcellent observation. The whole "reformist vs. harliner" thing is a dog and pony show that is intended for both domestic and foreign consupmtion. Eight years of the Khatami experience showed us that there is really no substance behind it. It's actually IRI's version of the carrot and stick approach. If you submit and don't raise your voice, they'll take the stick away and give you a very small carrot (which they will take away at some later point).
I wouldn't hold my breath for any substantial change in IRI for decades to come.
Reformist views
by AnonymousX (not verified) on Mon Feb 02, 2009 02:15 PM PSTYour reformist views on Iran and your attempt to give legitimacy to the the illegitimate and vatan foroosh Khatami and his corrupt reformist entourage is futile.
Sadegh, your views are passe, clishe, old and of the past. The winds of time tossed your ideology and views in the garbage dumpster of Iranian history and politics long ago.
Mehrban: Excellent
by bezabane (not verified) on Mon Feb 02, 2009 10:34 AM PSTMehrban: Excellent observation. In fact, reformers are from the same tyrannical factory but a milder version of the same slsa...lol
They are equally deadly but reformers taste less nasty than other versions.