Dr. Seyed Ali Shayegan (1902-1981), professor of law, political advisor to Dr. Mossadegh and a member of his cabinet, was a distinguished man of letters who taught at Tehran University. After the infamous coup, he was arrested alongside with Dr. Mossadegh and other members of the National Front. He was initially sentenced to life imprisonment and then to ten years. He spent three years in prison. He later went to self-exile in the U.S. and lived in New Jersey with his family until the 1979 Revolution, when he returned to Iran. He passed away two years later in N.J. His remains were flown to Iran where he was buried in the family cemetery. Years later, Mrs. Badri Sheybani Shayegan, his companion in life and in struggle was buried next to him.
Ahmad Shayegan, his eldest son, has published his memoirs (in Persian) titled, “The Political Life, Writings and Speeches of Seyed Ali Shayegan,” Agah Publishers, 2005, Tehran.
In dedication to Ahmad and all the men, like his father, who stood by the man who sought nothing except dignity and prosperity for his nation, I took a few pages from the book and translated them for this occasion.
28th Mordad
Like every morning, I got up early to go see Dr. Mossadegh at his house [on Kakh Street] from Emam Zadeh Ghasem in Shemiran. Since the hammam—our bath in the house in the city—was more convenient and better equipped, I took my wife and our new baby who had been born a few weeks earlier to wash up and from there I went to Dr. Mossadegh’s house.
The night before, I had prepared the draft for a referendum bill for the provisional government to present to Dr. M. for approval. While I was waiting to see him, Mr. Mohammad Hossein Qashqayee entered the reception area; he had just come out of Dr. M.’s room. I asked him what news he had. He said that these [Americans] were determined to bring Dr. M. down at any cost. I told him, have you said this to the Dr.? He said, yes. I asked, did he [Dr. M.] say anything in response. He said, no.
Later on, Mr. Nasser Khan Qashqayee would tell me that they [the leaders of the Qashqayee tribe] had sent a message to Dr. M. that if he allowed them, they would be ready to send in enough people to help the government in Tehran, but that he had not given them permission.
The morning before, when I had gone to the Dr.’s house; near the door, two or three members of the Tudeh Party were waiting for him; when I got out of the car, they came towards me. I knew one of them. He was a high school teacher, a freedom lover and a patriotic man. They said, the opposition is getting ready to stage a coup. Please tell the Dr. that if he gives us arms we will form a “national guard” and obey the government’s orders. I promised them to relay the message to Dr. M., which I did. The Dr.’s answer was again negative.
Little by little, members of the National Front (NF) came. Nariman, Hasibi, Dr. Fatemi, Dr. Sanjabi, Razavi, Zirak-zadeh, Dr. Sadiqi, Moazami, the brother of Dr. Moazami who was the Minister of Post and Telegraph. From outside, you could hear lots of commotion. The news broke that a bunch of ruffians were approaching Dr. Mossadegh’s house. Slowly the clamor increased. Another piece of news was that some individuals were heading to capture Tehran’s radio station.
We thought that both the army and Shahrbani (the city security office) were in the hands of the government. Since the head of Shahrbani was Dr. Mossadegh’s nephew and both the head of the army and the head of dejban were under his control and the fact that people supported Dr. M. and the NF with all their heart and without hesitation, we felt there was no reason for worry. But the facts on the ground were different since the head of the army was not a fighter and later suspicion grew around him. But it is highly unlikely that he, whom Dr. M. had trusted with a position that was always held by one of the Shah’s cronies, would betray him and work hand in hand with the enemy of Iran’s freedom and independence. Subsequently, by accepting this position, he was held in jail and spent three years of his life incarcerated with other freedom seekers.
As usual Dr. M. was in bed and members of the NF would come and go to and from his room and talk to him. Everyone was worried and frightened of what could happen. Dr. Sanjabi told us that he had mentioned to Dr. M. that he could bring enforcement from the Sanjabi tribe but that the latter had refused. Matters were growing worse by the hour and the noise was getting louder. Around 3 in the afternoon, lunch was served, but no one cared about food. After lunch, not many people stayed around including Dr. Sanjabi. It was reported to Dr. Fatemi’s family that he had been killed, so he went to his house to let his wife know that he was ok. After that, we did not see him [Fatemi] anymore. The other members of the NF gathered around Dr. M.’s room. Dr. M. was sitting on his bed, watching from his window. The sound of tanks and gunfire could be heard.
Dr. M. who knew his life was constantly under threat, had ordered the construction of a wall around the terrace in front of his room. On this summer terrace, the Dr. would sit in the evenings and meet with members of his cabinet and other NF people. The walls were protective in case someone fired a shot; only gunfire from the air would be dangerous.
All the time, people would come to the house and relay the most horrible news. One was that the guard to the (iron) door of Dr. M.’s house had been killed.
Dr. M.’s room was not very safe and quite small; it was located on the second floor of the house. This 3x4 room had windows on all four sides. On one corner was his bed. The door to the wall of his bed had a window towards the north. In front of the bed, there was a window measuring one meter which opened fully to the terrace, and to the left of the bed there was another door that opened to another room.
In this small and unsafe room, we were standing or sitting, all of us silent in his honor, but terrified at the same time. Whenever a door opened and someone would come in, our hearts beat faster. One of the visitors who came in was Mr. Daftari (the head of Shahrbani) who, after giving a military salute to Dr. M., started crying. Dr. M. was his uncle. But Daftari was the Shah’s crony and was the man in charge of destroying us. Perhaps his tears were not illogical since on the one hand, he was Dr. M.’s close relative (his brother’s son) and on the other hand, he had to obey orders by way of his position but also because of future promised positions and knowing that the Shah’s coup was in the making, and so he had decided to relent to the Shah, which made his cries those of a weak man who now felt exposed.
His cry, which at that moment meant the fall of Dr. M., had made everything clear for us.
In these trying moments, everyone was silent. While the news and the discussions seemed to reflect our doomed future, Mr. Nariman got up and took his revolver from his pocket. He then turned towards Dr. M. and said, isn’t better to get rid of ourselves before the enemy gets to us? I propose that we commit suicide. Dr. M. became agitated and told some of those in the room to take the revolver from his hand and shouted at him to sit down and told one of us to take the revolver and lock it in a drawer.
Long hours passed by slowly and with each passing hour, it seemed, our lives were in more danger and our arrest became imminent. But Dr. M. was still sitting in the same manner. Every once in a while, someone would propose to him to move to another room or leave the house, a house that eventually would be the target of destruction and fire so that he would not be in danger, but he would not listen. He then turned to us and said that he had decided to stay in this very house and die there. “I don’t expect any of you to stay and I am asking you to go to your homes,” he said. It was obvious that no one agreed to this. That is no one was ok with him staying in the room or leaving him there alone or getting separated from him.
In this very instance, a shot was fired from the direction of the wall from above the terrace, breaking the southern side of the windows of the room. This gunshot, if it had gone through the window, would have certainly hit Dr. M. We all became terrified and told Dr. M. that it was now time to move to the adjacent room. With our persistence and giving up to our demand, Dr. M. finally accepted to leave. Thus, we all left for the next rooms and finally left the house for the neighbor’s and went to the house next door by way of the rooftop. It was now getting dark; some jumped down from the roof and some held on to branches of trees that had been planted there, coming down slowly. We helped the Dr. to come down without harm but Mohandes Zirak-Zadeh broke his leg while jumping down.
In the neighbor’s house, the only person present was the caretaker. The owner and his family had gone to Shemiran for the summer season. The first thing that crossed our mind was whether we could stay in that house or not. We told the caretaker to call the owner and ask him if it was OK. Of course the answer was yes in the most respectful way.
Unfortunately the house was not ready for any occupants. There were no rugs or furniture and no food, not even for one meal. The basement of the house seemed safe so we all went there and sat on the cold floor without any covered rugs. We were all silent so as not to make any noise to be heard. Some wanted to call their families but it was not suitable.
It was a difficult night since everyone was hungry and there was nothing there to eat except a few pieces of bread. Some of our friends slept on a kelim which was laid on the floor and fell asleep from sheer fatigue. Gunfire could be heard. Then morning came and after some discussion, a few people left. I along with Dr. Sadiqi and Mohandes Moazami stayed with Dr. M. around … In the morning, with the streets empty, we went to the house of Mohandes Moazami’s mother which was nearby. There was much discussion on what to do next. Dr. Mossadegh believed that we should give ourselves up immediately and so we contacted Mr. Sharif Emami by telephone. It was around 7 pm that he called us and agreed to meet with us if necessary.
But a few moments later Dr. M. told us that we should not wait any longer and we should give ourselves up, so we decided to call the Shahrbani. One of the colleagues called the Shahrbani and we told them of our whereabouts.
It was at this moment that a few military servicemen who were looking around the neighborhood entered our house. They first looked into the rooms on the first floor and then they went upstairs to the second floor. Suddenly, they saw Dr. M and without saying anything, they notified the Shahrbani; Dr. M. told them that we were ready to surrender to the authorities on condition that they provide our safe departure.
At this time, a car appeared in front of the house and some individuals, whom we did not recognize, entered the house. Since we were all ready to leave anyway, they took us to the military headquarters. They immediately informed General Zahedi. A few military vehicles full of armed soldiers took us the Officers’ Club at which time we saw Zahedi waiting there on the steps; he shook Dr. M’s hands and then they incarcerated us right there.
A few hours later, in the middle of the night, they took Dr. Sadiqi and I to Shahrbani. In the morning, Dr. M. was informed and sent a message to Mr. Zahedi to the effect that, unless he let us come back to the Officers’ Club, he would start a hunger strike. It was because of this threat that we were returned to the Club and after 24 hours Dr. M. broke his hunger strike and we had breakfast with him.
We spent a few days at the Officers’ Club. One evening at midnight, they told us to get ready to leave again. Dr. Sadiqi, Mohandes Moazami and I were put into a jeep and taken to an unknown destiny. We drove this distance, each in separate cars. Fifteen minutes later, they handed us to the officer on duty at Saltanat Abad. It was in Saltanat Abad that our interrogation began. We did not know of each other’s well being as each of us was kept in a separate room. A few weeks later, we were taken to the Lashgar Zerehi. All this time, we did not know where Dr. Mossadegh was being held until one day they informed me that I should present myself at the trial. As I entered the courtroom and saw Dr. M. for the first time, I was very happy since until that point I had no idea how he was doing.
[When Dr. Shayegan saw Dr. Mossadegh in the courtroom for the first time after being separated from him, he recited the following verse: “Seeing a friend filled my heart so much so that I forgot all about myself”].
***********
The American Ambassador to Iran in a telegram dated 21st of August, describing the events of those days and of calmness in Tehran and other provincial towns, wrote, “ The most upsetting fact that we should take into account is that a few very dangerous individuals of the nationalist leaders have not been arrested as of yet. These include, Mossadegh, Fatemi, Shayegan, Hasibi and others. They could in turn cooperate with the Tudeh leaders and conspire with them. Fatemi, contrary to reports that he was assassinated on Aug. 19th, is still alive. He is the most notorious and infamous in Mossadegh’s entourage. Because of his vengeful nature, he will likely do anything to form an alliance of nationalists and Tudeh members.” (Colonel Nejati, Mossadegh: Years of Struggle and Resistance)
“After the arrest of Dr. Mossadegh, Dr. Shayegan, Dr. Sadighi, Mohandes Seifollah Moazami, on August 20th 1953, each and every one of Mossadegh’s colleagues was arrested and incarcerated. Among them were Abdolali Lotfi, Sartip Taghi Riahi, Bashir Farahmand (who was injured badly), Keshavarz Sadr and others. The military commander announced that more than 200 of the former government officials were arrested and taken to the prisons of Shahrbani, military prison. On 4th of Shahrivar, a group of them were taken to the prison of Falafolaflak and others were taken to Khark Island.” (Mohammad Ali Safari- Pen and Politics: An Overview of the Modern History of Iran).
*****************
Excerpts of an interview with Dr. Shayegan in 1980:
What do you think of the 25th of Mordad coup and how Dr. M. reacted towards the coup planners?
After the first coup we were not waiting for the second coup to take place and because of this the execution of Nasiri and other collaborators was never discussed. In light of what happened later, if the government had reacted more forcefully, perhaps the Aug 19th coup would not have occurred or at least not so fast. At my tribunal and that of Mohandess Razavi and Dr. Hossein Fatemi in order to provoke the judges against me they used the phrase I had uttered in a speech that “The item which was supposed to go to Egypt went to Baghdad instead.” [Referring to the Shah who fled to Baghdad].
They tried Dr. Mossadegh alone; but they tried Dr. Razavi, Dr. Fatemi and me together. Dr. Fatemi was arrested alone. This courageous man endured much in prison. He had been stabbed several times with a knife and could not even get out of bed. While lying on his back, his injuries got worse resulting in new wounds. Even until the day before his execution, everyone thought the Shah would pardon him. On the night of his execution, we went to bed happy, thinking that he was not in imminent danger. But they woke us up in the middle of the night to tell us whether we wanted to say our last good-byes to the Dr. Mohandes Razavi and I went to see him. In the room, Dr. Fatemi was sleeping on the bed. To talk about those moments is very difficult for me. In any case, after an hour or so, we heard shots fired; it was at that moment that Dr. Razavi and I realized that our friend and long- time colleague had been executed.
What do you think of the current situation and of the Revolution?
I have repeatedly expressed my opinion in this regard and I will say it again. I don’t know how much one should emphasize the importance of freedom and independence of Iran which must be at the forefront of the Revolution. But from what I have seen and heard in the last few weeks in Tehran and other cities, the news is worrisome. It is disturbing and disappointing that freedom seekers have been targeted. I even read in a newspaper that some people attempted to bomb my house. They must realize that like years before, when hundreds of thousands were not afraid of death, today the same number of people are not afraid of these threats and will continue the struggle…..
(Bamdad, No. 85, Sunday 28 Mordad 1358 (August 19, 1980)
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A few answers
by Fariba Amini on Wed Aug 22, 2012 08:28 AM PDT
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Mossadegh had no plan to resign and hand in the Premiership to Bakhtiar.
I do think that deeply, Dr. M was a constitutionalist and as of that
period he was not for a Republic though eventually he could have changed his
mind. ***** All
the questions asked by Ali are very important but they are in a way If’s of
history. History doesn’t work that way but from my own understanding and
readings, Dr. M. was betrayed mainly from within. We know the Brits and later
the Americans wanted him out, not just in those crucial days but this was a plan
made long ago and was implemented step by step.
i.e. the British agents and American agents (later) conspiring in Iran, the bribing of members of the Majlis,
the many articles written in Washington and published in Iranian
newspaper, inciting hooligans and
bringing down the Shah’s statues and blaming it on the Tudeh Party, etc. etc. Those
closest to Dr. M. stood by him but there were others who were already bought
and went against him, including his own nephew.
They were bribed by the Shah and by his masters. Dr. M. knew this. He
was a shrewd politician but did not and would not use arms to stay in power as
I have said and as is obvious from the passages of not just this book but many
others. If
Dr. M. had stayed in power, and if the 2nd coup had failed, he had
many good men in charge of his administration and he was planning a series of
reforms. I think the best place one can
refer to is his own writings compiled in a book called taamolat va.. Dr.
Mohammad Mossadegh. He goes in detail
what his short and long term economic and political plan were for the country. In
answering to the usual nonsense from the Monarchist side, I shall not name
names. He and they know who they are. It
is funny that after some 30+ years,
Parviz Sabeti comes out from a clandestine state of being and becomes this
“saint,” denying everything even torture at the hands of Savak. Is this coincidental? NO WAY.
So
to my monarchist friends who are still denying history or purposely fabricating
it, I will say again, go read and read
some more. Try to open your minds and
let this fabrication of history stop once and for all. Mossadegh
was surrounded by many good, honest and to do men and then some not very good
men: Baghai, Kashani, Makki, etc. They abandoned him. They decided that it was
better to align themselves with the Shah rather be on the side of the people. Whether
it was for political reasons or financial gains, each had their own agenda. One of the reasons Kashani decided not to
support Dr. M. was that he had sent a message through my own father to tell Dr.
M to appoint one of his sons ( a corrupt and an incompetent young guy) to the
Majlis ; Mossadegh sent a message back
that this son of yours does not have a good reputation plus a rep to Majlis is
elected by the people of his town or city ; I am not in a position to appoint
members of the Majlis. (Remember dr. M.
believed in the rule of law and did not believe that he should misuse his
power- unlike his Majesty). Kashani used
a very bad word when he heard this. He had a foul mouth! Iran
was being strangled by all sides economically and politically. The Brits had asked the Americans not to help
Iran and the entire world was not buying Iranian oil. Dr. M. asked Iranians for help. He printed Gharzeh
Melli so that people can come directly to the aid of the government and the
people obliged. They came to the rescue
of their beloved Premier. Mossadegh
would not use force to stay in power. He
did not ask the people to come out and get killed for him. He did not incite
people in 30 Tir. It was a spontaneous uprising. He could have and but refused to do so. He was against bloodshed and potential tribal
and civil war that could have easily happened.
He was a parliamentarian at heart (though perhaps all this was too early
for Iran). Unlike the Shah who did not
know what to do during the months that led to the Revolution and asked his
American friends what to do, he relied on his advisors, his own intuition and
the people. Yes, he could have crushed
the hooligans and imprisoned the traitors and even executed a few and I am
sure, he would have stayed on. Why he
did not? It is the million dollar
question. He was for the rule of
law. There
is a document in the British archives. I
have taken a photo of it. It is a
telegram sent from the Foreign Office to the state Dept, do not give the loan
to Dr. (Dr. M. had asked the Eisenhower
administration for a loan since the country was in a state of bankruptcy due to
all the economic sanctions) this is just before the coup. Another telegram is sent a few days later
from the same foreign office, now give the loan to the Zahedi government! By
the way, the Soviets who refused to return Iran’s gold to Dr. M. while he was
still the PM gave it all back when Zahedi came to power! Another
false statement: The Shah’s decree has
been questionable by many historians. It
was not his signature. It was a fabricated
piece of document which was made either in London or in the British Embassy in
Tehran and was given to Nasiri to deliver to Dr. M. The Shah had no knowledge of it at that
moment. In fact, the Shah first refused to work with the coup
planners. From all accounts, he really
wanted to go and live a quiet life with Soraya somewhere in the U.S. (Milan’s book) Mossadegh
will remain the most admired politician of Iran for he stood by his people and
he was not FOR SALE!
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he did not own a car worth 900,000 dollars that was sold! The Shah did and that
was just one of his cars.
Mossaddegh's plan was to resign and ask Bakhtiar to be the PM!
by Esfand Aashena on Wed Aug 22, 2012 05:30 AM PDTEverything is sacred
EA jaa: Yeah, that's the same!!
by Ali P. on Wed Aug 22, 2012 05:27 AM PDTI am asking what Dr. Mossadegh's plan was, had the "coup" failed, and this, to you, is like a baby asking "why,...why...why"!
This is an innocent question: What was Dr. Mossadegh's next step, had he not been overthrown?
Aynak wrote something. I read it a few times; didn't get it.
Anglophile offered an answer.
Others may have a different opinion.
I welcome your answer, if you have one.
I am listening.
Yours,
Ali P.
Ali jaan it's all about beating the same drum.
by Esfand Aashena on Wed Aug 22, 2012 05:09 AM PDTYour question about the plan is the same as asking "so?" It can be asked about any topic at any time. Just like a toddler keeps asking "why" and then when you answer, same question again "why?!"
So after ALL these years and unclassifying the classified documents by foreign agencies, the historical accomplishments of Mossaddegh that to this day it's bothering his old detractors, you still asking "why?!"
You know when decent Iranians say Yaa Ali or other religious slogans it is to do good deeds, not like the Islamic Republic's lackeys who use it to defraud people. Same goes for Mossaddegh and Takhti, they are loved for good reasons, not like praising Shah for being SO GOOD that he ended up like he did.
Anyway, for you I'll say be a little more mehraban with us! For lackeys and people of ill-will against Mossaddegh, I only say MOSSADDEGH ! +++
Everything is sacred
Very good questions Ali P.
by anglophile on Wed Aug 22, 2012 04:26 AM PDTMossadegh was the luckiest loser of all. He had lost all his allies (Kashani, Baghaee, Makki, Haerizadeh, etc) and had failed to deliver that which he had promised: oil revenue. No country was willing or even logistically prepared (like Communist China) to buy oil from him. According to the observers he somehow had 'planned' his own fall as this was the easiest and ironically a more dignified way out. His own deeds (refusal to resign after receiving the Shah's decree and hiding it from his own ministers) and failing to take any action (pretending that he had no wish for bloodshed - wherease a year earlier on 30 Tir, he had no heistation to incite people to pour out on the street to support him and get killed in the process) all in all suggest that he had been waiting for a moment to budge out. This what Dr Sadighi wrote about Mossadegh's reaction to Shayegan's suggestion that "all went bad":
به روایت «احسان نراقی»: «دکتر صدیقی تعریف میکرد: وقتی خانهی دکتر مصدق را غارت کردند، وی(دکتر صدیقی) به اتفاق دکتر مصدق و دکتر شایگان میروند از دیوار بالا، روی پُشت بام همسایه در گوشهای مینشینند. دکتر شایگان میگوید: «بد شد!»، مصدق یک مرتبه از جا میپرَد و میگوید: چی بد شد!؟ بایستیم این ارازل و اوباش ما را در مجلس ساقط کنند؟ در حالی که حالا دو ابَرقدرت ما را ساقط کردند، خیلی هم خوب شد!چیچی بد شد؟!»
//iranshahr.org/?p=8259
Re:what was the plan?
by aynak on Tue Aug 21, 2012 11:09 PM PDTI was about to ask the same after Shah turned it over to Islamic regime after 37 years. (As pointed out and we see, Mossadegh never killed anyone to stay in power)
But, Oh those evil 800 communist officer (I have read 700, but 800 would do too accuracy is meaningless here). The funniest thing is, you folks still don't get it that even after Soviets Installed their government in Afghanestan, with less population and way more backward country, still they could not last there even a decade, and brought upon their ultimate demise, how could even 7000 communist officer change Iran? . So if that excuse made any sense whatsovever back in 53, to repeat the same now, only goes to show the depth of vision.
ایران برای همه ایرانیان
دولت ایرانیان - فقط با رای ایرانیان
نه ولایت وقیح نه پادشاه سفیه
What was the plan? Does anyone know?
by Ali P. on Tue Aug 21, 2012 07:19 PM PDTI have read a lot about the days leading to that day, but I still have no idea what Dr. Mossadegh's immediate plan was.
Does anyone?
If the "coup" of 28th of Mordad had failed on that day, what would the next day in Iran be like?
Was he going to remain PM?
What was he going to do with the departed Shah?
Had he not written on the back of a Koran, supposedly, that" I am not a Moslem if I ever try to topple his Mejesty?"
Was he planning to declare a Republic?
What was his plan to deal with 800 Communist officers in the Army?
And how was he going to deal with Moslem militants, his own former friends, and officers and citizens, loyal to the Shah?
LOL, Esfand Aashena
by amirparvizforsecularmonarchy on Tue Aug 21, 2012 06:28 PM PDT++++++++++
If there is a Character to be defended today and a dignity to be respected for what he gave Iranians, it is clear who's it is, at least for the Majority of Iranians within Iran after 1979. For so many reasons. this whole Shah being a loyal to others above iranians was never honest and repeating it says alot more about those repeating it. Iran was/is thwarted and Suppresed by the West. This was the reason the late Shahs team were removed using deadly deceit, because he was serving Iranians too well and was opposed to foreign powers having a say on issues that were vital to Irans freedom and progress. This is why the west loves extremists for the region they fully suppress and retard the nations under their control.
Dear Fariba
by Parham on Tue Aug 21, 2012 06:12 PM PDTMany thanks for taking the time to translate that part of Dr. Shayegan's book. Priceless piece of history indeed.
anglophile
by Esfand Aashena on Tue Aug 21, 2012 12:23 PM PDT+++ ! MOSADDEGH ! +++
Everything is sacred
facts vs fiction
by Fariba Amini on Tue Aug 21, 2012 11:28 AM PDTNo one knows what were the exact contents of talks between Mohammad Reza Shah and
Bakhtiar at the time of his taking office. But sources close to the Shah told me
in Cairo that the Shah was apologetic for his maltreatment of Mossadegh's followers
and he had reiterated it to him. [to Bakhtiar]
-Mohammad Hassan ol Heikal
I have heard the voices of your Revolution
- Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi
وقاحت و پلشتی ظل اللهیون سواد کوهی (منتسب به "پهلوی")
ZendanianTue Aug 21, 2012 10:47 AM PDT
مسلما اگر چنین وقاحت و پلشتی در کار اینان نبود، به راحتی به خاطر می آوردند که چگونه در دوران "دوازه تمدن بزرگ" حلبی آباد های گسترده در تمامی شهرهای ایران در حال گسترش بود.
- به راحتی به خاطر می آوردند که چگونه: همکاری ساواک و حجتیه نفس از تمامی اقشار جامعه بریده بود.
- به راحتی به خاطر می آوردند که چگونه: این سیستم تک حزب فاشیستی رستاخیز بود که راه را برای فاشیزم مذهبی باز کرد،
و ده ها و صد ها نمونه دیگر که برای همگان نشان میدهد، جمهوری اسلامی هیچ نبود جز فرزان خلف استبداد سلطنتی در ایران.
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زبان و گفتار متشابه و همانند ظل اللهیون سواد کوهی (منتسب به "پهلوی") و روح اللهیون که دیگر هیچ: از "تبریک و تسلیت" گفتن تا استفاده از واژگان قانعی فرد در تحریف تاریخ و ..
تسلیت و تبریک
anglophileTue Aug 21, 2012 10:17 AM PDT
ابتدا به تمامی عزادران ۲۸ مردادیمصدّقی به مناسبت فرا رسیدن ایام سوگواری سالانه آن شهید راه خود پرستی و آن سلطان بی همتای عوامفریبی و آن مفسّر قانون اساسی به نفع خود یعنی مصدق السّلطنه تسلیت عرض کرده و امیدوارم سال دیگر بدون تاخیر دو روزه و با شکوه و سرور (ببخشید یعنی با اندوه و حال نزار) هرچه بیشتر انجام دهند.
سپس سالگرد آغاز درخشانترین دوره پیشرفت و رفاه ایران در تاریخ تمدن ۲۵۰۰ ساله ش را که از همان روز و تا بیش ربع قرن ادامه یافت، تبریک عرض مینمایم.
متأسفانه بار دیگر با همکاری یاران وفادار مصدق السّلطنه و قشریترین بخش مذهبی به سر کردگی خمینی و با حمایت سیاهی لشکر چپگرا ایران ویران شد.
درضمن یاران وفادار مصدق نظیر سید علی شایگان و "شرکا" و اعوان و انصارشان پس از تحویل ایران به ویرانگران مذهبی در امن و آسایش در کشور محبوبشان یعنی آمریکا تا به امروز به سر میبرند.
Dr. Fatemi was correct. Every one else including Mosadegh, Tudeh
by Zendanian on Tue Aug 21, 2012 09:46 AM PDTwere incorreect.
Monarchists, Kashani & Co. obviously remained beyond redemption, and useless.
As opposed to dominant perception of Tudeh's ranks, there were many independent minded, truly patriotic Officers that would have upheld Iranian independence and sovereignty.
Best of possible situations would have been a collabration bewtween Dr. Fatemi and those independent officers and everyone else that belived they had to FIGHT the Coup makers.
Unfortunately the worst of all possible situation was what actually took place.
A quick recap of Histotical Facts:
- A democratically installed system was overthrowm (mainly due to unprepaerdness and mistakes of both Mosadegh and Tudeh).
- A tyrannical Monarchy was installed through foreign intervention; this evolved into a single-party 'monarchial' Fascism.
- Out of corrupt, violent monarchy we ended with a corrupt, violent Facistic "Isalmic Republic " of Hell.
BACK TO SQUARE ONE AFTER SIX DECADES.
Dr. Fatemi was right. That's why they killed him first.
Was Shah a doer?
by ham1328 on Tue Aug 21, 2012 06:58 AM PDTWell, you could say he was. He did everything his
masters(ARBABS)told him to do!! He was everything, but a leader. He fled Iran everytime the winds of an approaching storm blew!! Had he just respected the constitution, we would have not been stuck with these barbaric parasites today. Shame on those who cannot undersatd what Dr. Mossadeq did for his country. Those who cannot learn from history, are condemned to repeat it.
Truth
by Fariba Amini on Tue Aug 21, 2012 05:24 AM PDTDear friends,
Thanks for your comments. Reading these passages, a firsthand account only proves the point that Mossadegh was not about using violence as a means to stay in power. Maybe if he had, he would have stayed on a bit longer though I do believe that both the British and the Americans would have brought him down. They did not want a principled man as the head of the government. Democracy was not on their agenda at that time.
If you see the many offers that were made to him, and the fact that he rejected everyone of them is a manifestation of his way of thikning. He was against bloodshed. He foresaw that bringing the army or getting help from the tribal leaders will only lead to violence and bloodshed. HE DID NOT WANT THAT. He was a man of law and using the parliament to implement his views. He was not going to use the army to kill for the sake of power. He told my father when Kianouri sent him a message that the hands of a PM who will pick up guns to kill his own people should be cut off.
Did he make a mistake? Maybe, maybe not. History and the Iranian people have judged him.
The one thing we have to keep in mind is that all the men around him except for a few who betrayed him and ultimately their own nation, were of the same view and they were men of the highest integrity. Since then, we have not had the fortune of having an administration as such.
Maybe the future generation can learn a few things from them.
............
by Shemirani on Tue Aug 21, 2012 02:26 AM PDTThank Rassoul for your articulated and very fair comment ! i wish people like you who knows about historical facts and are also objective could write longer articles ! Personnaly i had an "Over Dose" of all this shabby clichés we heard for decades, so i'm sending you (and people like you) an S.O.S :D
We do not want idols any more!
by Rassoul on Tue Aug 21, 2012 12:09 AM PDTI
truthfully believe that Dr.Mossadegh was a good man, with good intentions, but
for a position he occupied, in those turbulent and tumultuous days and the
international scene, it takes more than honesty, and good intentions. We have
been told about the dirty CIA coup against him for 6 decades, but if we read
and elaborate more on the term “coup d’état", we see that 28th of Mordad
does not fit into that category and technical definition. Good or bad, the Shah
was in that period, the permanent political figure- the prime minister was not.
Now who wanted to make a coup? Dr.Mossadegh aides and advisors-like Fatemi-were
the ones who were pushing and instigating such moves. What was a coup was 30th
of Tir of previous year by Mossadegh's followers in disobedience to the late
Shah's selection of Mr.Ghavam as prime minister. Another case of coup was 25th
of Mordad 1332-against the will of the shah to replace him by another prime minister.
Mossadegh, as we all know today, was stuck in the middle and mess of the results
and outcome of his wrong and unrealistic decisions-boosted by his advisors like
Dr.Fatemi.Let's take a look at all these Iranian cities who turned against
Mossadegh on 28 of Mordad. Were those aided by CIA and American marines and paratroopers,
or just the ordinary people in the streets? People had got tired of his regime,
and loved the late Shah -at least at that time.
I remember that the late Dr.Shayegan came back
to Iran after the Islamic Revolution and made some public appearances and was
seeking candidacy for presidency; he left Iran after a few months for the USA,
(probably after understanding that he would not have any chances in the new
regime) which is, maybe in their eyes, a much more civilized and comfortable
place to live than Iran! It is an irony that most past Jebhe Melli and Nezhate Azadi
members ended up living in USA, including Dr.Sanjabi, whose flattery of Mr.
Khomeini we all know of. On the contrary, USA is the country that did not allow
the Shah(who these JB and Tudeh Party people called a USA puppet all through
those years) to stay, not even for medical treatment.
I hope
we will study and elaborate on current history with more fairness and without
past prejudgments imposed on us as repeated clichés.
Thank you, thank you and thank you, Fariba
by ham1328 on Mon Aug 20, 2012 11:00 PM PDTThis is a great piece of history that must be preserved for present and future generations. Dr. Mossadeq the great was just too humane to consider any form of booldshed, in order to stay in power. He didn't trust the army, because of heavy infiltration by Tudeh party, but he should have listened to Dr. Sanjabi and Qashqaie. His mistake was not realizing that FREEDOM IS NOT FREE....
Aynak, You are right on target, I agree with your comment completely and 100%.
Hamid,
Thank you for that detailed recollection of the 28th Farbia,
by aynak on Mon Aug 20, 2012 07:42 PM PDTby Dr.Sahygan. For a long time, and based on my understanding of the mind set of Mossadegh (and therefore my conjucture, obviously I would not know first hand as I was born a decade later) has been that Mossadegh did not want this to become a bloody coup/counter coup (or more than it already was). This piece by Shaygan in many ways confirms that notion. My explanation for Mossadegh's reaction, is that he saw a --lose lose-- situation.
If he escalates this militarilty then many could get killed and having seen his own nephew turn on him, it would become an ugly war. If he does not, we know the outcome. As a --true constitutionalist--, he clearly disagreed with reaction of Fatemi who apparently favored declartion of a Republic. He genuinely believed in a constitutional Monarchy and this reaffirms his position when he disagreed with Reza Shah's becoming a Monarch, so he is very consistent through out. Another point it clearly demonstrates, is his true nature as a democrat. He felt that Tudeh.Communit party should be allowed to operate like it did in many countries at the time, includeing U.S (CP.USA), the same way he believed in right of minorities. But this belief was *far different* than wanting them (Tudeh) to take over the country as was shown he did not accept the offer of their military aid.
From my view, and this has been the biggest lesson I think Iranian leaders/people should learn, is when/how to compromise, in a give and take model. When you have the upper hand, that's the best time to compromise, when faced with superior/stronger adversary.
Saddest part of this is, the king is not supposed to commit treason, but given Irans history ..... (Sigh).
APFSM, you are 100% correct, God Bless The Shah!
by IRANLOVESISRAEL on Mon Aug 20, 2012 06:33 PM PDTShah must be praised for his dedication and love for Iran and all the things he had accomplished. Let's remember the doers (Shah) not the talkers (Mosadeq!)
Shlomo loves the Shah!
We Need More articles by Iranians Standing by
by amirparvizforsecularmonarchy on Mon Aug 20, 2012 11:13 AM PDTThe Late Shah, A IRANIAN LEADER WHO Achieved not just sought, dignity and prosperity for his nation Iran, who improved Human Rights, Reduced Corruption, And Produced with His Team an Era of Peace and Progress. One Can Not Be Called, a Human Being, if they can not defend the Character of A Proven Good Person from Harm and Malice. Coerced to Leave Iran, close to his death, while all the people of Iran enjoyed being part of a country with the 9th largest GDP in world, with one of the most well equipt militaries and an improving Education system for all, that his team had worked for.